Chronic kidney disease, also called chronic kidney failure, is a gradual loss of kidney function. Your kidneys filter waste and extra fluid from your blood, which is then excreted in your urine. Advanced chronic kidney disease can cause dangerous levels of fluid, electrolytes, and waste in your body. In the early stages of chronic kidney …
Snakebite may be a neglected public unhealthiness in several tropical and semitropical countries. About 5.4 million snakebites occur annually, leading to 1.8 to 2.7 million cases (snake bite envenomation). Between 81410 and 137, 880 deaths occur annually and virtually 3 times as several amputations and alternative permanent disabilities. Most of them are units found in …
Tetanus is an infection causes due to bacteria called Clostridium tetani. When bacteria invade the body, they produce a toxin that causes painful muscle contractions. Another name for tetanus is “lockjaw”. This often causes a person’s neck and jaw muscles to contract, making it difficult to open the mouth or swallow. Tetanus is different from …
What is Tuberculosis? Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection spread by inhaling droplets from an infected person’s cough or sneeze. It primarily affects the lungs, but it can affect any part of the body, including the abdomen (stomach), glands, bones, and nervous system. Once rare in developed countries, tuberculosis infections began to increase in 1985, …
Ulcerative colitis (UL-sur-uh-tiv Koe-LIE-tis) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes inflammation and ulcers (sores) in your digestive system. Symptoms usually develop over time, rather than suddenly. In ulcerative colitis, the inflammation starts in the rectum and can spread to the colon. These include diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal pain, anemia, and blood or pus …
Pathophysiology Deficiency of the enzyme xanthine oxidoreductase, which catalyzes the hydroxylation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid. This leads to increased urinary excretion of hypoxanthine and xanthine, which predisposes to xanthine stone formation. Serum and urine uric acid is significantly reduced. Two distinct forms of xanthinuria are recognized: type I (due to …
If you’ve already had a cesarean birth (also known as a C-section), you may be able to deliver your next baby vaginally. This is called vaginal birth after a cesarean (also called a VBAC). Cesarean birth is surgery in which your baby is born through a cut that your healthcare provider makes in your abdomen …
Myositis is an inflammatory disease of the muscles. It can be caused by a variety of conditions, including autoimmune diseases, infections, and toxins. It is characterized by muscle weakness and pain. Symptoms can range from mild to severe, depending on the type and severity of the condition. Treatment typically involves medications and physical therapy. myositis …
Human digestive system The human digestive system is a complex series of organs and glands that processes food. In order for the body to get the nutrients and energy it needs, food must be broken down into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream. The digestive system is made up of the mouth, …
A vaginal yeast infection is a fungal infection that causes burning, discharge, and severe itching in the tissues of the vagina and vulva – the vaginal opening. Also called vaginal candidiasis, vaginal yeast infection affects 3 out of 4 women at some point in their lives. Many women experience at least two episodes. Vaginal yeast …