Disability

A disability is any condition of the body or mind (impairment) that makes it more difficult for the person with the condition to carry out certain activities (activity limitations). Disability

Disability is part of being human. Almost everyone will experience a temporary or permanent disability at some point in their lives. More than 1 billion people – about 15% of the world’s population – currently suffer from a disability, and this number is increasing due to an aging population. Disability

Results from interactions between individuals with health conditions, such as cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, and depression, personal and environmental factors including negative attitudes, inaccessible transportation, public buildings, and limited social support. Disability

Types of Disability

There are several types of disabilities, such as those that affect a person:

1. First goal
2. movement
3. to think
4. to remember
5. learning
6. To communicate
7. Hearing
8. Mental health
9. Social relations

Although “disabled” sometimes refers to a single population, it is actually a diverse group of people with a wide range of needs. Two people with the same disability may be affected in very different ways. Some disabilities may be invisible or not easy to see.

According to the World Health Organization, so there are three dimensions of disability:

1. impairment of a person’s body structure or function, or mental functioning; Examples of impairments include limb loss, vision loss, or memory loss.
2. Activity limitations, such as difficulty seeing, hearing, walking, or problem-solving.
3. Restrictions on participation in normal daily activities, such as working, engaging in social and recreational activities, and receiving health care and preventive services.

Disability Can Be

1. Pertaining to conditions that are present at birth and can affect functions later in life, including cognition (memory, learning, and understanding), mobility (moving around in the environment), vision, hearing, behavior, and Other Sectors These conditions may occur.
2. defects in single genes (eg, Duchenne muscular dystrophy);
3. chromosomal abnormalities (eg, Down syndrome); And
4. A result of the mother’s infections (eg rubella) or exposure to substances such as alcohol or cigarettes during pregnancy.
5. Associated with developmental conditions that appear in childhood (for example, autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or ADHD)
6. Injury-related (eg traumatic brain injury or spinal cord injury).
7. Associated with a long-term condition (for example, diabetes), which can cause disabilities such as vision loss, nerve damage, or limb loss.
8. Progressive (eg, muscular dystrophy), static (eg, limb loss), or intermittent (eg, some forms of multiple sclerosis).

Most Common Causes of Disability

Some women are disabled from birth. Women become more disabled over time. Some women suddenly become disabled due to an accident or illness.

It is not possible to prevent all errors. Some babies develop differently in the womb and no one knows why.

But many disabilities in children are caused by harmful conditions in women’s lives. So if women could get enough nutritious food to eat, protect themselves from toxic chemicals, and receive good health care, including prenatal care, many disabilities could be avoided. Is.

Injuries at work? Strange accidents? It’s true, they happen. But the truth may surprise you.

1. Diseases such as cancer, heart attack, or diabetes often cause long-term disability. Back pain, injuries, and arthritis are also important causes.
2. Most are not work-related, and therefore not covered by workers’ compensation.
3. Lifestyle choices and personal behaviors that lead to obesity continue to be major contributing factors.
4. Musculoskeletal disorders are the #1 cause of disability. Examples include Arthritis, back pain, spinal/joint disorders, fibromyositis, etc.

Treatment

Special schools and individual treatment programs can maximize the potential of a person with an intellectual disability.
Treatment of a person diagnosed with intellectual disability primarily includes adaptive, self-help, and social skills education and other rehabilitation measures. So The treatment plan and outcome depend on the severity of the retardation.

Minor cases may be admitted to special schools where basic reading, writing, and other academic subjects and vocational skills can be taught. Budgeting, money management, and simple arithmetic are included in the curriculum. But The moderate and severe impact classes are mostly aimed at self-help and safety training. Training can be given on simple jobs and repetitive jobs. Severely affected individuals require daily care and monitoring as well as hospitalization or continuous care.

Training for people with intellectual disabilities includes planned therapy sessions and goal setting.

Target areas for improvement are identified.
Specific skills are broken down into simple components.
Simple activities and play sessions are done for specific goals.
Appropriate reinforcements and rewards are in place.
Slow progress is the goal in complex behaviors.
Successful behavior changes are embedded in real-life situations.

preventions of Disability

Disability prevention is the prevention of long-term disability (LTD) that may arise after a work-related injury when such disability would not normally be expected as a result of the natural history of the injury. The term includes integrated measures (health care, workplace, administrative) implemented to prevent long-term disability. So Three types of prevention can be defined in the context of work-related injuries.

1. Primary prevention work-related injury prevention
2. Secondary prevention Prevention of long-term disability after injury
3. The third prevention Prevention of additional medical consequences once long-term disability is established.

1. Primary prevention
   Primary prevention changes human behaviors and aspects of the environment that put people at risk of developing a disability or exacerbating an existing disability. Therefore Ronald assesses his clients’ needs and barriers and makes recommendations that help prevent disability. This process is meant to help clients access and participate in prevention strategies that may include, but are not limited to: Identifying and implementing ways to prevent injury and illness in the home and community
   Providing education about safety equipment, such as helmets, seat belts, and earplugs
   Ensuring access to medical care and adequate nutrition
   Promoting healthy behaviors, such as routine and preventive medical care, prenatal care, exercise, healthy eating, responsible alcohol use, and smoking cessation
2. Secondary prevention
   Secondary prevention involves early detection of disease or injury to reduce the impact of disability.
   Nutritional programs to help prevent further heart problems
   Fall risk assessment
3. Tertiary prevention
   Tertiary prevention attempts to limit or reverse the effects of an injury or disease, which is causing the disability. Therefore Tertiary prevention aims to prevent limitations and promote improvement toward independence.

1. Post-accident rehabilitation program
2. Cardiac rehabilitation program
3. Disease management program
4. A self-help group